Ukraine has been was on the counter offensive since in June
“Russia had begun preparing for the counteroffensive since November 2022 and had created extensive defensive infrastructure, including ditches, trenches, artillery positions, and landmines intended to slow down the counteroffensive.”
Russia has had the defenders advantage since
https://youtu.be/5nPIQiX-ukg?si=UNlRENogkmFlsqyF